icon-background-square
New
New
Year 11
AQA

'A Christmas Carol': Dickens’ depictions of Victorian London

I can analyse how Dickens uses his descriptions of setting to depict Victorian London.

icon-background-square
New
New
Year 11
AQA

'A Christmas Carol': Dickens’ depictions of Victorian London

I can analyse how Dickens uses his descriptions of setting to depict Victorian London.

warning

These resources will be removed by end of Summer Term 2025.

Switch to our new teaching resources now - designed by teachers and leading subject experts, and tested in classrooms.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Victorian London was noisy, overcrowded and diverse, with people from various cultural backgrounds and social classes.
  2. The Industrial Revolution transformed the city, worsening pollution and widening the class divide.
  3. The poor lived in cramped, unsanitary conditions, with little support available to improve their lives.
  4. Dickens campaigned for social reform and the novella encouraged middle-class readers to show compassion for the poor.
  5. Descriptions of the setting foreshadow how this ghost story exposes the harsh realities of poverty in Victorian London.

Keywords

  • Unsanitary - lacking cleanliness or hygiene, leading to potential health risks

  • Industrial Revolution - a period of major industrial and technological advancements, transforming economies and societies

  • Ominous - suggesting something bad or threatening is about to happen

  • Philanthropist - a person who donates money or resources to promote the welfare of others

  • Foreshadows - hints at or predicts a future event in a story

Common misconception

The Industrial Revolution brought great prosperity to the Britain; factories helped to provide wealth equality because it provided jobs to help poor people out of poverty.

The Industrial Revolution did bring great prosperity but unfortunately the wealth was not shared across all social classes. Industrial wealth improved the lives of business owners but poor people suffered due to low wages and overcrowding.

Learning cycle two explores two extracts from the novella. For Task B, students will need to annotate the second extract independently. You may wish to print off the first extract for yourself (which can be found in the additional materials) to model annotating with students.
speech-bubble
Teacher tip

Equipment

You will need access to two extracts from 'A Christmas Carol' by Charles Dickens. The extracts can be found in the additional materials section. You may also wish to have highlighters for annotating.

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

Loading...

6 Questions

Q1.
What is poverty?
excessive wealth and luxury
Correct answer: lack of basic necessities and financial resources
moderate income and comfortable living
temporary financial hardship
Q2.
The Victorian era took place between the ...
Correct answer: 1837-1901
1800-1850
1850-1920
1901-1914
Q3.
What is a novella?
a short story under 20,000 words
a full-length novel over 50,000 words
A long poem with narrative elements
Correct answer: A short novel or long short story between 20,000 and 50,000 words
Q4.
Match each term to the correct definition.
Correct Answer:working class,People employed in manual or industrial jobs with lower wages.

People employed in manual or industrial jobs with lower wages.

Correct Answer:midde class,Professionals with moderate incomes and education.

Professionals with moderate incomes and education.

Correct Answer:upper class,Wealthy individuals with significant assets and social influence.

Wealthy individuals with significant assets and social influence.

Q5.
What is a revolution?
a gradual change over time
Correct answer: a sudden, radical change in society
a routine daily activity
a peaceful negotiation
Q6.
What is compassion?
strictly focusing on personal success
enforcing rules without sympathy
ignoring others' struggles
Correct answer: feeling concern and empathy for others' suffering and wanting to help

6 Questions

Q1.
What caused the 'pea souper' fogs in Victorian London?
ocean mist and heavy rain
Correct answer: factory pollution and burning coal
forest fires
volcanoes
Q2.
What was Charles Dickens’ aim in writing 'A Christmas Carol'?
to celebrate Christmas traditions
to show how to write a ghost story
Correct answer: to encourage compassion for the poor
to criticise Christmas celebrations
Q3.
What was one major impact of the Industrial Revolution on London?
population decline
improved public health
Correct answer: overcrowding
less traffic
Q4.
Which of these words would you use to describe Victorian London?
tranquil
Correct answer: unsanitary
equal
Correct answer: foggy
Correct answer: bustling
Q5.
Which of these elements from 'A Christmas Carol' link to the wider context of Victorian London?
the description of how Marley's face in the door knocker
Correct answer: his depictions of the Cratchit children working at Christmas
Correct answer: the scene where Scrooge is visited by the charity workers
the scene where all the bells start ringing in Scrooge's house
Q6.
What element of the setting does Dickens use to draw links between the ghostly element of 'A Christmas Carol' and the social issues caused by the Industrial Revolution?
descriptions of busy shoppers
descriptions of dirt and grime in London slums
descriptions of each ghost's appearance
Correct answer: descriptions of the fog

Additional material

Download additional material
We're sorry, but preview is not currently available. Download to see additional material.