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New
New
Year 10
AQA

Location and physical characteristics of cold environments

I can describe the location and physical characteristics of cold environments.

icon-background-square
New
New
Year 10
AQA

Location and physical characteristics of cold environments

I can describe the location and physical characteristics of cold environments.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Cold environments (polar and tundra) and located at high latitudes close to the poles.
  2. Cold environments have distinctive physical characteristics.
  3. The climate influences other physical characteristics of cold environments.

Keywords

  • Cold environments - environments found at higher latitudes and higher altitudes; they include polar, tundra and alpine biomes

  • Biome - a global land area that is characterised by its plants, animals and climate

  • Latitude - the angular distance of a place north or south of Earth's Equator

  • Tundra - a vast, flat, treeless Arctic region where vegetation growth is hindered by extreme low temperatures and short growing seasons

  • Climate - the average weather conditions of a place over a long period of time, typically 30 years or more

Common misconception

Cold environments receive a lot of precipitation (in this case snowfall).

While some areas of coastal tundra does receive a substantial quantity of precipitation, in reality most cold environment regions are extremely dry, with some areas receiving less than 250 mm of precipitation per year - defining them as deserts.


To help you plan your year 10 geography lesson on: Location and physical characteristics of cold environments, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Google Earth or other GIS software can be used to explore what cold environments look like.
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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

6 Questions

Q1.
What is a cold environment?
Any place with high temperatures
Correct answer: A region with low temperatures, ice, and permafrost
A tropical rainforest
A desert with high temperatures
Q2.
Which of the following is a cold environment?
The Amazon Rainforest
The Sahara Desert
Correct answer: The Arctic
The Mediterranean
Q3.
What is permafrost?
A type of snowfall
Melted ice on a glacier
A seasonal lake
Correct answer: Permanently frozen ground
Q4.
What is a key characteristic of the tundra biome?
Dense forests
High temperatures
Correct answer: Low biodiversity and frozen ground
Heavy rainfall
Q5.
What type of precipitation is common in cold environments?
Heavy rainfall
Warm monsoons
Drizzle
Correct answer: Hail and snow
Q6.
What is an ice cap?
A type of plant
Correct answer: A permanent layer of ice covering land
A small snowstorm
A glacier that melts every summer

4 Questions

Q1.
What are the main physical characteristics of polar regions?
Warm summers and heavy rainfall
Lush forests and grasslands
Correct answer: Ice sheets, extremely low temperatures, and strong winds
High biodiversity
Q2.
Cold environments are biomes found at high and/or high altitudes. They include polar, tundra and alpine biomes.
Correct Answer: latitudes, latitude
Q3.
Which two continents contain large cold environments?
Africa and Australia
Correct answer: North America and Antarctica
South America and Europe
Asia and South America
Q4.
How much precipitation do cold environments typically receive?
High amounts, similar to tropical rainforests
Moderate amounts, like temperate regions
Correct answer: Low amounts, often less than deserts
Heavy rainfall throughout the year

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