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New
New
Year 10
Edexcel B

Global atmospheric circulation model, pressure belts and surface winds

I can understand that the atmosphere operates as a global system, determining pressure, winds and rainfall patterns.

icon-background-square
New
New
Year 10
Edexcel B

Global atmospheric circulation model, pressure belts and surface winds

I can understand that the atmosphere operates as a global system, determining pressure, winds and rainfall patterns.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The atmosphere operates as a global system.
  2. The atmospheric circulation and ocean currents transfer heat around the Earth.
  3. The atmospheric circulation determines the location of global pressure belts.
  4. Global pressure belts affect surface winds and patterns of rainfall.

Keywords

  • Latitude - this describes how far north or south of the Equator a place is

  • Atmospheric pressure - the pressure of a column of air at a point on the Earth'ssurface, creating relatively high or low pressure

  • Surface winds - the movement of air from place to place, generally from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

  • Coriolis effect - deflection of winds and ocean currents caused by Earth's rotation

Common misconception

The global atmospheric circulation systems controls the temperature of different climate zones.

Global circulation system redistributes heat received at the Equator, but latitude controls temperature of each climate zone. The amount of solar radiation received at each latitude is due to the curvature of the Earth.

A secure understanding of the causes of high and low pressure and the conditions this creates will support understanding of this system.
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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on
Open Government Licence version 3.0
except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
What shape is the Earth?
a flat disc
Correct answer: a sphere
a circle
Q2.
Which of these correctly names the seven continents?
Africa, India, Oceania, Asia, America, Europe, Antarctica
Correct answer: Antarctica, North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Oceania
South America, North America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, Antarctica
Q3.
What is the atmosphere?
Correct answer: a layer of gases surrounding the Earth
the solid crust of the Earth
the space beyond the Earth's surface
Q4.
What are the horizontal lines shown on this map called?
An image in a quiz
Correct answer: lines of latitude
lines of longitude
grid lines
Q5.
Why do different parts of the Earth receive varying amounts of solar radiation?
because some parts are closer to the sun
due to the Earth's atmosphere
Correct answer: because of the Earth's curved surface
Q6.
What is the difference between weather and climate?
weather is always hot, climate is always cold
Correct answer: weather is short-term conditions; climate is the long-term average.
weather is what you expect, climate is what you get

6 Questions

Q1.
Match the terms with their correct definition.
Correct Answer:latitude,this describes how far north or south of the Equator a place is
tick

this describes how far north or south of the Equator a place is

Correct Answer:atmospheric pressure,the pressure of a column of air at a point on the Earth's surface
tick

the pressure of a column of air at a point on the Earth's surface

Correct Answer:surface winds,the movement of air, generally from areas of high to low pressure
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the movement of air, generally from areas of high to low pressure

Correct Answer:Coriolis effect,deflection of winds and ocean currents caused by Earth's rotation
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deflection of winds and ocean currents caused by Earth's rotation

Q2.
What does the global atmospheric circulation system do?
moves heat between the Earth and the sun
creates lines of latitude
Correct answer: redistributes heat around the Earth
radiates excess heat from the Earth's core
Q3.
What climatic conditions are expected in a high pressure zone?
Correct answer: clear skies, dry, stable weather conditions
heavy rainfall, strong winds, and unstable weather conditions
frequent thunderstorms and high humidity
Q4.
Why is rainfall expected in a belt of low atmospheric pressure?
air pressure is high, causing water vapor to condense and form clouds and rain
Correct answer: air rises and cools, causing water vapour to condense and form clouds and rain
air descends and warms, causing water vapour to evaporate, making it wet
Q5.
Which atmospheric circulation cells influence the formation of deserts?
Correct answer: Hadley and Ferrel
Hadley and Polar
Ferrel and Polar
Q6.
Which atmospheric circulation cells influence the formation of temperate climates?
Correct answer: Polar and Ferrel
Ferrel and Hadley
Hadley and Hadley