The rise of Mercia
I can explain how Mercia came to be the most powerful Anglo-Saxon kingdom by 796 CE.
The rise of Mercia
I can explain how Mercia came to be the most powerful Anglo-Saxon kingdom by 796 CE.
Lesson details
Key learning points
- By 750 CE the kingdoms of Mercia, Wessex, Northumberland and East Anglia were the most powerful.
- By the second half of the 8th century, Mercia was ruled by King Offa and his Frankish queen, Cynethryth.
- Sometimes the most powerful Anglo-Saxon kings would claim to be the 'bretwalda', the ruler of all of Britain.
- Having won many battles against other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, Offa called himself ‘bretwalda’.
- Offa was unable to defeat the Welsh; he built a barrier on his western borders to protect his kingdom against them.
Common misconception
King Offa was solely responsible for Mercian supremacy.
Although it was mostly King Offa, the supremacy of Mercia was already beginning before his reign and continued for a short while afterwards.
Keywords
Northumbria - Northumbria was a former Anglo-Saxon kingdom in north-east England in modern-day Northumberland
Mercia - Mercia was a major Anglo-Saxon kingdom in the central part of England
Supremacy - having supremacy is having more power than anyone else
Barrier - a barrier is a fence or obstacle that prevents movement or access
Content guidance
- Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
- Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering
Supervision
Adult supervision recommended
Licence
This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).
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a country or area ruled by a king or queen
a fence or obstacle that prevents movement or access
having more power than anyone else
an Anglo-Saxon word meaning the ruler of all of Britain