New
New
Year 8

England's Empire at the beginning of the 'long eighteenth century'

I can describe the relationship between England and her overseas trade and colonies in 1688.

New
New
Year 8

England's Empire at the beginning of the 'long eighteenth century'

I can describe the relationship between England and her overseas trade and colonies in 1688.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. At the beginning of the 18th century England was an emerging empire-builder.
  2. England was agricultural with a large middling sort who provided a base to trade with and settle in distant places.
  3. England had established colonies in North America and the Caribbean, with which English merchants traded.
  4. 350 000 had emigrated to colonies in the Americas; trade with them, bolstered by enslavement, was worth a great deal.
  5. The Navigation Act created a mercantilist framework for English trade with its colonies.

Common misconception

Only Britain and Europe engaged in empire building.

In fact, empires have existed across the world since at least the ancient period: several dynasties ruled across China, the Ottoman Empire spanned across Asia, Africa and Europe, and the Mali Empire controlled extensive territories in West Africa.

Keywords

  • Privateer - a person allowed by a government to attack and steal from ships at sea

  • Customs duties - a tax paid on goods that are imported

  • Indentured servant - a person who is made to work without pay for a set period of time

  • Mercantilist - an economic practice of a country protecting their own trade and discouraging trade with rival nations

Privateer case study: use Henry Morgan's story to have students investigate the role of privateers and slaveowners in empire-building. Students can present on Morgan's transition from privateer to Governor of Jamaica.
Teacher tip

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Loading...

6 Questions

Q1.
Mughal rule in India was __________ in the 16th and 17th centuries.
at its weakest
Correct answer: at its strongest
Q2.
Which Mughal emperor was given the name 'the Great'?
Babur
Correct answer: Akbar
Shah Jahan
Araungzeb
Q3.
Akbar marrying the King of Amber's daughter is an example of...
Correct Answer: diplomacy, Diplomacy
Q4.
Which religion did the Mughal rulers of India follow?
Correct answer: Islam
Hinduism
Buddhism
Sikhism
Christianity
Q5.
Mughal emperors repeatedly relied upon in their conquests.
Correct Answer: violence, force
Q6.
Religious __________ and attempts to increase tax revenues were important aspects of Mughal governing policies.
Correct answer: tolerance
persecution
suppression

6 Questions

Q1.
What event marks the beginning of the "long 18th century" according to historians?
The Battle of Waterloo
Correct answer: The Glorious Revolution
The American Revolution
The Industrial Revolution
Q2.
Which early English colony in America was established by the Virginia Company and became profitable through tobacco cultivation?
Plymouth
Correct answer: Jamestown
Roanoke
New Amsterdam
Q3.
The East India Company was given permission by to trade with India, which was then part of the Mughal Empire.
Correct Answer: Elizabeth I, Elizabeth i
Q4.
Which privateer turned plantation owner played a key role in early English colonization in the Caribbean?
Sir Francis Drake
Correct answer: Henry Morgan
Walter Raleigh
Christopher Columbus
Q5.
The Acts were a series of laws passed by the English government to promote English shipping and control colonial trade.
Correct Answer: Navigation, navigation
Q6.
Which European country was a major rival to England in trade during the late 17th century, leading to three wars?
France
Spain
Correct answer: The Netherlands
Portugal

Additional material

Download additional material
We're sorry, but preview is not currently available. Download to see additional material.