Toussaint L'Ouverture and the fight for independence
I can describe the role of L'Ouverture in the Haitian Revolution.
Toussaint L'Ouverture and the fight for independence
I can describe the role of L'Ouverture in the Haitian Revolution.
Lesson details
Key learning points
- In 1791, a slave revolt erupted in the French colony of Saint-Domingue and Toussaint L'Ouverture became its leader.
- L'Ouverture aimed to emancipate all people on the island, including in the island's Spanish-controlled territory.
- L'Ouverture organised the rebels into a formidable army. Britain, worried Caribbean slave revolts would spread, invaded.
- Britain tried to restore slavery there so France promised L'Ouverture's soldiers freedom if they helped defeat Britain.
- Britain's defeat saw France allow L'Ouverture to rule as governor of Saint-Domingue.
Common misconception
Toussaint L'Ouverture was fighting against the French during the entirety of the Haitian Revolution.
He first fought Saint-Domingue's ruling French elites and slave-owners. He then fought Spanish troops after invading Spain's territory on the island. He then defeated a British invasion and became Haiti's official governor until France betrayed him.
Keywords
Economic - a term to describe activities that involve trying to make money
Guerilla - refers to a style of fighting that is not out in the open, but instead is conducted as secretly as possible
Governor - the title given to the ruler of a country, that usually still has to answer to someone above them, such as a king or emperor, or a government in another country
Elites - the people at the top of society with access to money and power
Autonomous - refers to the idea that a person, organisation or nation can act independently from anyone else’s control
Content guidance
- Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
- Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering
Supervision
Adult supervision recommended
Licence
This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).
Video
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Starter quiz
6 Questions
originally enslaved, then a free man who became leader of the revolt
the group of white French elites who owned slaves and ruled the colony
the two groups, aside from the grands blancs, who were free in Haiti
the 500 000 people forced to work in the colony in dire conditions