New
New
Year 4

Use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables

I can use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables.

New
New
Year 4

Use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables

I can use knowledge of the distributive law to calculate products using known times tables.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. If you know the 2 and 10 times tables you can work out the 12 times table.
  2. If you know the 10 times table you can work out the 9 times table.
  3. The distributive law allows you to add or subtract known times tables to work out new times table facts.

Common misconception

Pupils may think that there is only one strategy for finding a solution and struggle to see that there is more than one way of partitioning a factor.

Spend some time discussing how many combinations of partitioned factor you could use with the distributive law and evaluate each combination for efficiency. This would be a worthwhile guided group task.

Keywords

  • Partition - Partitioning is the act of splitting an object or value down into smaller parts.

  • Distributive law - The distributive law says that multiplying a number by a group of numbers added together is the same as doing each multiplication separately.

  • Partial product - A partial product is any of the multiplication results we get leading up to an overall multiplication result.

Children who are already fluent with 12 times table facts may need encouragement to see this as a way of understanding underlying structures before moving on to factors outside of multiplication table knowledge.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which factor has been partitioned using the distributive law in the second expression: 12 × 3 = 10 × 3 + 2 × 3
18
Correct answer: 12
3
Q2.
34 + 13 =
Correct Answer: 47
Q3.
57 + 24 =
Correct Answer: 81
Q4.
Which of the following expressions represents the total number of balls if I have 3 tubes of 5 tennis balls and 2 tubes of 5 rounders balls?
3 × 3 + 5 × 2
Correct answer: 3 × 5 + 2 × 5
3 × 3 + 7 × 5
5 + 3 + 2 + 5
Q5.
Which of the following expressions is the array representing?
An image in a quiz
Correct answer: 7 × 4 + 7 × 5
7 × 7 + 4 × 5
7 + 4 + 7 + 5
7 × 4 × 5
Q6.
Double 84 is ___
158
Correct answer: 168
178
188

6 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following expressions is equivalent to 7 × 12?
Correct answer: 7 × 10 + 7 × 2
7 × 11 + 7 × 2
7 × 12 + 7 × 2
Q2.
What is the missing number in the array shown?
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: 4
Q3.
Use the grid model to help solve 12 × 7 by finding two partial products and combining them. 12 × 7 =
An image in a quiz
Correct Answer: 84
Q4.
Solve 12 × 8 = using the distributive law.
Correct Answer: 96
Q5.
Solve 6 × 12 = using the distributive law.
Correct Answer: 72
Q6.
Which of the expressions below is not equal to 12 × 11?
10 × 11 + 2 × 11
12 × 10 + 12
Correct answer: 10 × 10 + 2 × 1
6 × 11 + 6 × 11
11 × 6 + 11 × 6