New
New
Year 3
Understand the relationship between addition and subtraction
I can understand the relationship between addition and subtraction.
New
New
Year 3
Understand the relationship between addition and subtraction
I can understand the relationship between addition and subtraction.
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Lesson details
Key learning points
- Equations can be represented using part-part-whole or bar models
- The sum in an addition and the minuend in a subtraction both represent the whole
- The addends in an addition and the subtrahend and difference in a subtraction both represent parts
Keywords
Minuend - The minuend is the number being subtracted from.
Subtrahend - A subtrahend is a number subtracted from another.
Difference - The difference is the result after subtracting one number from another.
Common misconception
Pupils may find it more difficult to understand equations that start with the whole (e.g. 20 = 50 - 30)
Emphasise the need for balance in equations. To be equal, both sides must have the same value.
Base ten blocks may be helpful in representing parts and combining them to make a whole. Bar models will help pupils represent equations and understand the relationship between parts and the whole.
Teacher tip
Licence
This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).
Lesson video
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Starter quiz
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6 Questions
Q1.
Which numbers in the equation are addends? 28 + 26 = 54
54
Q2.
What number is the sum in this equation? 76 = 60 + 16
Q3.
What sum is missing from this bar model?
Q4.
Match the sum and the addends.
100
93
60
140
Q5.
Which other addition equations match this calculation? 150 + 70 = 220
220 − 70 = 150
Q6.
Which equations have a sum of 200?
150 + 60 =
110 + 110 =
Exit quiz
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6 Questions
Q1.
What number is the subtrahend in this equation? 36 − 16 = 20
36
20
Q2.
Match the names to the numbers in this equation: 125 − 50 = 75
50
75
125
Q3.
What number is missing from the bar model?
Q4.
Match the addition and subtraction equations by looking for the same whole and the same parts.
150 − 60 = 90
90 = 130 − 40
130 − 80 = 50
80 = 150 − 70
Q5.
Which equations are represented by the bar model?
104 = 52 + 52
Q6.
Which equations could be represented by this bar model?
250 + 20 = 270
250 = 350 − 100