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Year 4

Singing and playing a melody in a five note raag

I can sing and play a melody using a raag.

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New
New
Year 4

Singing and playing a melody in a five note raag

I can sing and play a melody using a raag.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. In a raag, aaroh is the name the ascending notes and avroh is the name for the descending notes.
  2. Raags can be played and sung - or both.
  3. We can sing the notes in a raag using the sargam. The notes are Sa, Re, Ga, ma, Pa, Dha, Ni.
  4. Sa, Re, Ga, ma, Pa, Dha, Ni can be played on C, D, E, F, G, A, B on our instruments.

Keywords

  • Sargam - the name for the singing notes in Hindustani classical music

  • Raag - musical notes used to make a composition (from Sanskrit language meaning ‘to colour’)

  • Aaroh - the ascending notes in a raag (going up in pitch)

  • Avroh - the descending notes in a raag (going down in pitch)

Common misconception

A raag can only be played on a sitar.

Raags can be sung too. They can also be played on other instruments. Common instruments used in Hindustani classical music include harmonium, flute, bansuri and sarod. In the classroom, a largely accessible instrument is a glockenspiel.

Take plenty of time to learn the melody. Learning by the oral tradition is a key part to Hindustani classical music. When children feel familiar with the melody and confident in singing it, move on to playing on instruments at that point.
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Teacher tip
equipment-required

Equipment

Glockenspiels, xylophones or chime bars. Keyboards could also be used -though these tend not to have the note names visible. One instrument between two is suggested.

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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on
Open Government Licence version 3.0
except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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4 Questions

Q1.
Which of these best describes a raag?
A raag is the rhythm cycle that we can chant or play on the tabla drums.
Correct answer: A raag is a musical framework, like a scale, with set notes that we can play.
A raag is the instrument that the melody is played on.
A raag is where we can use any notes to make up a tune.
Q2.
Which of these shows the sargam ascending scale (aaroh)?
Correct answer: Sa, Re, Ga, ma, Pa, Dha, Ni
Ni, Dha, Pa, ma, Ga, Re, Sa
Pa ma, Ni, Dha, Re, Sa, Ga
ma, Ni, Dha, Re, Ga, Sa, Pa
Q3.
What word do we use to describe playing the notes in a raag from high to low (descending in pitch)?
Correct Answer: avroh, avaro, avaroh, avarohana, avaroha
Q4.
When we play an instrument such as a glockenspiel, chime bars, or a xylophone, where on the instrument is it best to strike the beater?
At the edge of the metal or wooden bar
At the top of the metal or wooden bar
Correct answer: In the centre of the metal or wooden bar
Close to the next bar going up the scale

5 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following is true?
Counting in to a steady pulse helps us to play the right notes.
Correct answer: Counting in to a steady pulse helps us keep in time together.
Correct answer: Counting in to a steady pulse helps us feel the tempo.
Counting in to a steady pulse helps us choose our dynamics.
Q2.
What is the name of the raag we are exploring?
Correct Answer: Bhupali, Boopali, Bhopali
Q3.
Which of the following notes does not feature in Raag Bhupali?
Sa
Ga
Dha
Correct answer: Ni
Q4.
Match each word to its correct meaning:
Correct Answer:aaroh,the ascending (going up) notes in a raag
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the ascending (going up) notes in a raag

Correct Answer:avaro,the descending (going down) notes in a raag
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the descending (going down) notes in a raag

Correct Answer:raag,the melodic framework that gives us the notes we can use to play
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the melodic framework that gives us the notes we can use to play

Correct Answer:sargam,the notes we can sing that are similar to do, re, mi, fa, so, la, ti
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the notes we can sing that are similar to do, re, mi, fa, so, la, ti

Q5.
Which of these instruments cannot play the raag in Hindustani classical music?
sitar
harmonium
Correct answer: tabla
sarod
bansuri flute