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Year 10
Edexcel

Aerobic and anaerobic exercise

I can apply knowledge of aerobic and anaerobic exercise to various sporting examples.

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New
New
Year 10
Edexcel

Aerobic and anaerobic exercise

I can apply knowledge of aerobic and anaerobic exercise to various sporting examples.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Aerobic exercise is exercise that uses oxygen for energy over extended periods, like running or cycling.
  2. Anaerobic exercise is high-intensity exercise that doesn't rely on oxygen, such as sprinting or weightlifting.
  3. Fats are a fuel source for low intensity aerobic activity.
  4. Carbohydrates are a fuel source for higher intensity aerobic and anaerobic activity.

Keywords

  • Aerobic work - working at a moderate intensity so that the body has time to utilise oxygen for energy production, allowing the body to work for a continuous period, e.g. long-distance events, or duration of a match

  • Anaerobic work - working at a high intensity without oxygen for energy production, therefore limited energy so work period will be short, e.g. sprinting up the wing in a football match

  • Lactic acid - a by-product of energy production-formed when the body is exercising anaerobically at high intensity

  • Lactate accumulation - when lactate levels in the blood/muscle rise due to increased work intensity, e.g. moving from aerobic to anaerobic exercise

Common misconception

Pupils are unsure about situations when the body works aerobically and when it works anaerobically.

Aerobic exercise requires oxygen from the air we breathe to totally break down glucose to release energy for exercise. This is the most efficient mechanism but requires exercise to be at a low/ moderate intensity, whereas high intensity is anaerobic.


To help you plan your year 10 physical education lesson on: Aerobic and anaerobic exercise, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

The word aerobic starts with an 'AIR' sound which is a way of remembering this sort of exercise requires oxygen and happens at a lower intensity. Remember that every exercise is on a continuum from 100% aerobic (very low intensity which can even burn fats) to 100% anaerobic (very high intensity).
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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which substance do the muscles require to produce energy for exercise?
nitrogen
Correct answer: oxygen
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
Q2.
Match the following cardio-respiratory features with their role.
Correct Answer:nose and mouth,bring air into the body
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bring air into the body

Correct Answer:bronchi,branch off the trachea to enter each lung
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branch off the trachea to enter each lung

Correct Answer:alveoli,enable gaseous exchange at the lungs
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enable gaseous exchange at the lungs

Correct Answer:red blood cells,carry oxygen around the body
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carry oxygen around the body

Correct Answer:arteries,carry blood away from the heart
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carry blood away from the heart

Q3.
The substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen is called ...
Correct Answer: haemoglobin
Q4.
Arrange the following features in order to show how oxygenated blood is transported from the lungs to the muscles.
1 - pulmonary vein
2 - left atrium
3 - left ventricle
4 - aorta
5 - arteries
6 - capillaries at working muscles
Q5.
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute is know as and is measured in litres per minute.
Correct Answer: cardiac output
Q6.
Match the following respiratory volumes to the definition.
Correct Answer:tidal volume,the amount of air breathed in or out normally at rest
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the amount of air breathed in or out normally at rest

Correct Answer:minute ventilation,the amount of air breathed in per minute
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the amount of air breathed in per minute

Correct Answer:inspiratory reserve volume,the additional air that can be breathed in after a normal breath in
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the additional air that can be breathed in after a normal breath in

Correct Answer:vital capacity,a maximal breath in followed by a maximal breath out
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a maximal breath in followed by a maximal breath out

Correct Answer:residual volume,the amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal breath out
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the amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal breath out

6 Questions

Q1.
Aerobic respiration is in the presence of which of the following?
Correct answer: oxygen
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
Q2.
Match the following key terms with their definitions.
Correct Answer:aerobic,long duration and low intensity exercise using oxygen
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long duration and low intensity exercise using oxygen

Correct Answer:anaerobic,high intensity exercise without oxygen that can only last a short time
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high intensity exercise without oxygen that can only last a short time

Correct Answer:lactic acid,a waste product of anaerobic respiration
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a waste product of anaerobic respiration

Correct Answer:lactata accumulation,build up of the by-product of anaerobic respiration in the blood
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build up of the by-product of anaerobic respiration in the blood

Q3.
If you set off too fast on a long distance run, you will cross the threshold resulting in a build up of lactic acid and fatigue.
Correct Answer: anaerobic
Q4.
Regular training results in an improved ability to work at a moderate intensity for longer whilst still working aerobically.
Correct Answer: endurance, long-distance, long distance
Q5.
Place the following activities in order with the most aerobic at the top and the most anaerobic at the bottom.
1 - marathon
2 - 1500 metre run
3 - 400 metre sprint
4 - 100 metre sprint
5 - deadlift in powerlifting
Q6.
Which of the following activities uses a mixture of aerobic and anaerobic respiration to provide energy for exercise?
shot putt
Correct answer: tennis
Correct answer: rugby
a gymnastics vault
long jump