Types of rocks
I can use features to classify rocks into different groups and suggest properties of each type.
Types of rocks
I can use features to classify rocks into different groups and suggest properties of each type.
Lesson details
Key learning points
- Sedimentary rocks contain distinct grains that are stuck together.
- Sedimentary rocks may contain fragments of shell or fossils, or larger pieces of grit or pebbles cemented together.
- Igneous rocks contain crystals that point in many directions; metamorphic rocks contain crystals that mostly line up.
- Rocks that contain interlocking grains or interlocking crystals are non-porous; rocks that don't are porous.
- The properties of rock influence their uses.
Common misconception
Pupils sometimes focus on one feature to classify rocks as one type or another.
Stress that the rock classification system is gradual - show examples of various metamorphic rocks, highlighting similarities / differences.
Keywords
Sedimentary - A type of rock formed from the compression of sediments (rock fragments, minerals and remains of dead plants and animals).
Metamorphic - A type of rock that has changed due to heat and/or pressure (e.g. marble, slate).
Igneous - A type of rock formed from magma, either erupted from a volcano (e.g. pumice) or cooled below ground (e.g. granite).
Porous - A rock with spaces between the grains.
Non-porous - A rock with no spaces between the grains or one that contains interlocking crystals.
Equipment
Sedimentary: limestone (sample with a fossil / shell), sandstone and conglomerate (sample with larger pebbles); metamorphic: marble, gneiss; igneous: granite, basalt and pumice; examination hand lens.
Content guidance
- Risk assessment required - equipment
Supervision
Adult supervision required
Licence
This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).
Video
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