DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome
I can explain the difference between DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome.
DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome
I can explain the difference between DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome.
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Lesson details
Key learning points
- All organisms have a genome, and there are similarities and differences between the genomes of different organisms.
- The genome is made of DNA, wound up into tightly-packed structures called chromosomes.
- Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes, stored in the nucleus; bacteria have one that is stored in the cytoplasm.
- Sections of the DNA in chromosomes are called genes, which store instructions for inherited features and life processes.
- Other sections are non-coding DNA, which contains instructions that controls when the information in genes is used.
Keywords
Genome - The genome is all of the genetic material of a cell; it stores the code for all the features and processes of a living organism.
DNA - DNA is the chemical substance that genetic material is made out of; it stores the genetic code.
Nucleus - The nucleus is where DNA, wound up into chromosomes, is stored in animal, plant and fungi cells.
Chromosome - A chromosome is a package of tightly wound DNA.
Gene - Genes are sections of DNA that code for features and processes.
Common misconception
'Genes' and 'DNA' are exactly the same thing.
The lesson explores the idea that genes are sections of your DNA, and all the DNA together is the genome.
To help you plan your year 7 science lesson on: DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...
To help you plan your year 7 science lesson on: DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs.
The starter quiz will activate and check your pupils' prior knowledge, with versions available both with and without answers in PDF format.
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The assessment exit quiz will test your pupils' understanding of the key learning points.
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Explore more key stage 3 science lessons from the Heredity and DNA unit, dive into the full secondary science curriculum, or learn more about lesson planning.
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Lesson video
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Starter quiz
6 Questions
Exit quiz
6 Questions
