New
New
Year 8

Chemical reactions: precipitation

I can describe what happens during precipitation reactions, and write chemical equations to show these.

New
New
Year 8

Chemical reactions: precipitation

I can describe what happens during precipitation reactions, and write chemical equations to show these.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Precipitation reactions occur when two solutions combine to form an insoluble solid.
  2. The appearance of a precipitate is evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred.
  3. Precipitation reactions are important in water treatment, to remove unwanted substances from water.
  4. Precipitation reactions are used in qualitative analysis, to identify the presence of certain substances in a solution.

Common misconception

Pupils can struggle to understand that a solid is not always a large piece of a substance.

Show visually the difference between a transparent coloured solution e.g. copper sulfate solution and a coloured precipitate solution. Practice describing the difference between a white precipitate and a transparent colourless solution.

Keywords

  • Precipitation - The process where a precipitate is formed.

  • Precipitate - An insoluble solid formed when two solutions react together.

  • Aqueous solution (aq) - Formed when a substance is dissolved in water.

  • Insoluble - A way of describing a substance that will not dissolve in a particular solvent.

  • Chemical qualitative analysis - A chemical test that confirms the presence of a substance, it does not tell you how much of the substance is present.

A live demonstration of the lead iodide reaction is good to use as a hook to the lesson. When left for a while it will settle to the bottom of the beaker or the teacher can demonstrate filtration of the products showing a solid is formed.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Lead nitrate, potassium iodide, beakers, filtration kit: conical flask, filter paper, funnel, solutions containing CU²⁺, Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Ca²⁺, Al³⁺, sodium hydroxide, test tubes and rack.

Content guidance

  • Risk assessment required - equipment

Supervision

Adult supervision required

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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6 Questions

Q1.
What does the arrow (→) in a chemical equation represent?
Equals
Reacts with
Correct answer: Changes into
Is less than
Q2.
Match each description with the correct state symbol:
Correct Answer:Solid,(s)

(s)

Correct Answer:Liquid,(l)

(l)

Correct Answer:Gas,(g)

(g)

Correct Answer:Aqueous solution,(aq)

(aq)

Q3.
Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to in water.
Correct Answer: dissolve
Q4.
True or false? When a substance dissolves in ethanol it will form an aqueous solution.
True
Correct answer: False
Q5.
Which of the following is true about solubility?
All solids dissolve in water.
Only gases dissolve in water.
Correct answer: Some substances dissolve in water, and some do not.
All liquids are insoluble.
Q6.
In chemistry, what does "precipitation" refer to?
Correct answer: The formation of a solid from a solution.
Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground.
The process of a liquid turning into a gas.
The solidification of molten rock.

6 Questions

Q1.
What is a precipitate?
A substance that dissolves in water.
A gas produced in a chemical reaction.
A liquid that evaporates quickly.
Correct answer: An insoluble solid formed when two solutions react together.
Q2.
Why are precipitation reactions used in qualitative analysis?
To measure the quantity of a substance.
Correct answer: To confirm the presence of a substance.
To increase the temperature of a solution.
To dissolve solids in a solution.
Q3.
A substance that will not dissolve in a particular solvent is described as .
Correct Answer: insoluble
Q4.
Which term describes a chemical test that confirms the presence of a substance without measuring its quantity?
Quantitative analysis
Spectroscopic analysis
Correct answer: Qualitative analysis
Precipitation analysis
Q5.
An solution is formed when a substance is dissolved in water.
Correct Answer: aqueous
Q6.
A precipitate is an insoluble in a solution.
Correct Answer: solid

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