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New
New
Year 4

Levers and linkages in products

I can identify different linkages within existing products.

icon-background-square
New
New
Year 4

Levers and linkages in products

I can identify different linkages within existing products.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Interactive books have a variety of linkages inside them.
  2. Linkages are chosen to carry out a purpose in a product.
  3. Analysis of existing book designs can help develop new designs.

Keywords

  • Product - an item designed to be used

  • Purpose - an intended function or result

  • Input - the motion used to start a mechanism

  • Output - the motion created by the input

Common misconception

All linkages can be found in interactive books.

Not all linkages are suitable for use in an interactive book. Those that are used are chosen because they are the simplest, most functional option for the intended purpose.

Books that contain visible examples of the linkages discussed in the lesson can be difficult to find but would be useful. Good examples can sometimes be found in non-fiction science books.
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Teacher tip
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Equipment

See additional resources document for details of equipment required for this lesson.

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Content guidance

  • Exploration of objects
supervision-level

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

copyright

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on
Open Government Licence version 3.0
except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which of these linkages work in the same way?
bell crank
Correct answer: parallel
Correct answer: push pull
reverse motion
Q2.
How many pivot points are there on a bell crank linkage?
2 - one loose and one fixed
Correct answer: 3 - two loose and one fixed
3 - two fixed and one loose
4 - two fixed and two loose
Q3.
What do we call the effort needed to start movement in a mechanism?
Correct Answer: input, the input
Q4.
What does 'opposite direction' mean?
a similar direction
the same direction
the wrong direction
Correct answer: the reverse direction
Q5.
A 90 degree angle is also known as a...
fixed angle
Correct answer: right angle
left angle
quarter angle
Q6.
Match the linkage to the description.
Correct Answer:Lazy-tong,Lengthens and shortens when it is pushed or pulled.
tick

Lengthens and shortens when it is pushed or pulled.

Correct Answer:Bell crank,Has levers that move at right angles to each other.
tick

Has levers that move at right angles to each other.

Correct Answer:Parallel,Has two pairs of levers that move in the same way.
tick

Has two pairs of levers that move in the same way.

Correct Answer:Reverse motion,Creates an output opposite to the input.
tick

Creates an output opposite to the input.

Correct Answer:Push Pull,Creates an output in the same direction as the input.
tick

Creates an output in the same direction as the input.

6 Questions

Q1.
What does the word 'purpose' mean?
A mechanism
A product
Correct answer: A job or function
Q2.
What is a product?
A simple mechanism
Correct answer: An item to be used
A movement
The way something is made
Q3.
Why are flaps used in books aimed at young children?
Correct answer: Easy to use
Complicated to make
Correct answer: Strong
Lots of levers
Q4.
Which of these linkages creates an output in the opposite direction to the input?
Correct answer: reverse motion
bell crank
push pull
Q5.
Think about interactive books and match these words to the meaning.
Correct Answer:Linkage,How an interactive piece will move
tick

How an interactive piece will move

Correct Answer:User,The person using the book
tick

The person using the book

Correct Answer:Purpose,What the book is designed to do (eg, entertain, educate)
tick

What the book is designed to do (eg, entertain, educate)

Correct Answer:Product,The book itself
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The book itself

Correct Answer:Material,What the book is made from
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What the book is made from

Q6.
Why aren't lazy-tong linkages used in interactive books?
All interactive books are aimed at very young children.
Correct answer: Other simpler linkages make the same movement.
Correct answer: It is too complicated.
It looks good.

Additional material

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